INTERNET BASICS
🌐 Internet Basics –
In today’s digital world, the Internet plays a big role in our lives. Whether it's chatting with friends, watching videos, doing homework, or playing games, the Internet is everywhere. But do we really understand how it works? Let's dive into the basics of the Internet in a simple and easy way!
📌 What is the Internet?
The Internet is a global network of computers that are connected to each other. It allows people to share information, communicate, and access services like email, websites, videos, and more.
Think of it like a giant web that connects computers and devices all around the world.
💡 Key Terms You Should Know
1. Website: A collection of web pages (like Wikipedia or YouTube) on the Internet.
2. Web Browser: A software used to access websites (e.g., Google Chrome, Firefox).
3. URL (Uniform Resource Locator): The address of a web page (e.g., www.google.com).
4. Wi-Fi: A wireless way to connect devices to the Internet without cables.
5. Server: A computer that stores websites and sends data when requested.
6. ISP (Internet Service Provider): A company that gives you access to the Internet (e.g., Jio, Airtel, BSNL).
🛠 How Does the Internet Work?
Here's a simple step-by-step:
1. You open a web browser and type a URL.
2. The browser sends a request to a server where the website is stored.
3. The server sends back the webpage data.
4. Your browser displays it on your screen.
This all happens in seconds!
📧 Uses of the Internet
Education – Online classes, tutorials, and research
Communication – Emails, video calls, chats
Entertainment – Music, movies, games
Social Media – Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp
Online Shopping – Amazon, Flipkart
🛡️ Internet Safety Tips
•Don’t share your personal information with strangers.
•Use strong passwords.
•Avoid clicking on unknown links.
•Be careful while downloading files.
•Always log out from public/shared computers.
🧠 Conclusion
The Internet is a powerful tool that connects the world. But with great power comes great responsibility! Use it wisely, stay safe, and keep learning.
🔍 Fun Fact: The word “Internet” comes from "interconnected network!
🌐 Internet Basics – Terminologies, Protocols, and Services
Now that we’ve understood the basics of the Internet, let’s go deeper and learn about more important internet terms, technologies, and services.
📘 Important Internet Terminologies
🔹 World Wide Web (WWW)
The WWW is a collection of websites and web pages available on the Internet. It uses web browsers to display information using HTML.
🔹 Web Servers
A web server is a computer that stores websites and delivers them to users when requested.
🔹 Web Clients
A web client is usually a browser (like Chrome or Firefox) that asks the web server for a web page and displays it to the user.
🔹 Websites and Web Pages
A website is a collection of related web pages under one domain name (like www.wikipedia.org).
A web page is a single page of information on a website.
🔹 Web Browsers
Software used to access websites, such as Google Chrome, Safari, or Mozilla Firefox.
🔹 Blogs
Personal or informational websites where people post content regularly.
🔹 Newsgroups
Online discussion boards where people post messages about shared interests (used more in earlier days of the Internet).
🔹 HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
The basic coding language used to create web pages.
🔹 Web Address (URL)
The Uniform Resource Locator is the unique address used to access a web page (e.g., https://www.google.com).
🔹 Email Address
A unique digital ID used to send and receive emails. Example: student123@gmail.com
🔹 Downloading and Uploading
Download: Getting data from the Internet to your device.
Upload: Sending data from your device to the Internet.
🔐 Internet Protocols (The Rules of Online Communication)
🔹 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol)
The main protocol that helps computers communicate across the Internet.
🔹 HTTP & HTTPS
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): Used to transfer web pages.
HTTPS: A secure version of HTTP that protects your data.
🔹 SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
Used to send emails from your device to the email server.
🔹 POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3)
Used to receive emails from a server to your device.
Some more protocols are given below-
💻 Remote Login and File Transfer Protocols
🔹 FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
Used to transfer files between computers over the Internet.
🔹 SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)
A secure version of FTP that encrypts the file during transfer.
🔹 SCP (Secure Copy)
Used to securely copy files between computers.
🔹 SSH (Secure Shell)
Allows you to log in to another computer over the Internet securely.
🔹 Telnet
Used for remote login but not secure, so not used much anymore.
📱 Mobile Technologies
✓SMS (Short Message Service): Text messaging.
✓MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service): Sending images, audio, video via messages.
✓3G, 4G, 5G: Generations of mobile Internet technology, where 5G is the fastest.
🌍 Services Available on the Internet
✓Information Retrieval – Searching and collecting data
✓Locating Websites – Using search engines like Google
✓Finding People – Through directories, social media, or people search websites
💻 Web Services
•Chat
•Email
•Video Conferencing
•e-Learning
•e-Banking
•e-Shopping
•e-Reservation
•e-Governance
•e-Groups
•Social Networking
Made by ABHINAV SINGH
School name: St.Tulsi Global School
Grade/Class: 10th